Anthrapyrimidine Yellow
PY108
Alternate Name
Pyramid Yellow
Pigment Description
Very Good lightfastness but it may be carcinogenic-- this specific pigment has not been tested but pigments of a similar structure have shown to be carcinogenic. Please see Monona Rossol's work on anthraquinone pigments for more.
The lightfastness may vary across binders. It may be advisable to do your own lightfastness testing. May also be related to historical Indian Yellow (euxanthate- more info here). Currently this color is offered by at least one major watercolor maker.
Resources
PY108 pigment data from David G. Myers, The Color of Art Pigment Database, Artiscreation.com
Information about PY108 from Bruce MacEvoy, Handprint Guide to Watercolors, General information about this class of pigments from Handprint,
Rossol, Monona. The Artist's Complete Health and Safety Guide. New York, NY : Allworth Press, 2001. The book is rather dated, updated information is available from her website.
Stats
Lightfastness
Very Good to Excellent
There are several reports of solid highest marks (all 8’s on the BWS) for this pigment, in watercolor, Bruce MacEvoy suggested caution. In general he placed it around an ASTM II very good equivalency but there may be differences between manufacturers. If you use this pigment it may be a good idea to do your own testing.
Transparency
Varies, Semi-Opaque, Transparent
Some sources report greater transparency.
Toxicity
Previously thought to be in the category of Low Concern, new research suggests this may be carcinogenic.
In a problematic anthraquinone group, suspected of being a carcinogen. Please see Monona Rossol’s latest work available on request for more on the 8-amino anthraquinone group.
Dry Time
Medium
Chemical Name
Anthraquinone
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